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Abnormal calcium handling by platelets in thrombotic disorders.

W Jy, Y S Ahn, N Shanbaky

    Circulation Research
    |March 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Platelets from patients with thrombosis show abnormal calcium handling, with elevated cytoplasmic and dense tubular calcium levels. This defect, linked to plasma membrane calcium channel leakage, can be reversed by verapamil and detected using the CTC test.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Platelet activation is crucial in thrombosis.
    • Calcium ions play a key role in platelet function.
    • Abnormalities in platelet calcium homeostasis are implicated in thrombotic disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively compare cytoplasmic and dense tubular free calcium concentrations in human platelets.
    • To investigate calcium handling in platelets from patients with venous and arterial thrombosis.
    • To assess the utility of the chlorotetracycline (CTC) test in identifying platelet calcium abnormalities.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of cytoplasmic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) using quin2 fluorescence.
    • Measurement of dense tubular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]dt) using chlorotetracycline (CTC) fluorescence.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of calcium levels in platelets from thrombotic patients and healthy controls.
  • Assessment of the effect of verapamil on platelet calcium levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Platelets from thrombotic patients exhibited significantly elevated [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]dt compared to controls.
    • A strong correlation was found between [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]dt, described by a second-power dependence equation.
    • Preincubation with verapamil reversed the abnormal calcium handling in thrombotic platelets.
    • The CTC test effectively identified these calcium abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Platelets from thrombotic patients have a primary defect in calcium handling, likely due to activated plasma membrane calcium channels.
    • Elevated resting [Ca2+]cyt and [Ca2+]dt contribute to increased platelet aggregation rates in thrombotic patients.
    • The CTC test is a valuable tool for detecting platelet calcium dysregulation associated with thrombosis.