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Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface
Published on: July 4, 2018
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Functional biomes beyond the bacteriome in the oral ecosystem
A S Smiline Girija1, Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh1
1Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, Tamilnadu, India.
The Japanese Dental Science Review
|July 11, 2022
Summary
The oral microbiome, beyond bacteria, includes viruses, fungi, and archaea that maintain oral health. Understanding this complex ecosystem is crucial for developing targeted oro-dental infection therapies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Oral Biology
- Ecology
Background:
- The oral microbiome plays a critical role in host tissue health, resisting pathogen colonization.
- A healthy oral microbiome contributes to overall well-being and protection against disease.
- The oral cavity harbors a complex microbial community extending beyond bacteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse components of the oral microbiome, including the virome, mycobiome, protozoa, and archaeomes.
- To highlight the role of these diverse microbial communities in maintaining oral homeostasis in health and disease.
- To emphasize the need for a comprehensive understanding of oral microbial diversity for therapeutic development.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of peer-reviewed publications from 2010-2021.
- Data collated from scientific databases like Web of Science, PubMed Central, and Inspec.
- Keywords included oral microbiome, microbiota, virome, bacteriome, mycobiome, and archaeome; conference abstracts and book chapters were excluded.
Main Results:
- The oral microbiome encompasses bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and archaea, collectively termed the 'microbial cosmos'.
- These diverse microbial communities are essential for maintaining oral homeostasis in both healthy and diseased states.
- The roles of the virome, mycobiome, protozoa, and archaeome in oral health are often underestimated and require further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Comprehending the full diversity of the oral microbiome across all kingdoms is vital for understanding its specific roles.
- The oral microbiome represents a promising frontier for developing novel drugs and targeted therapies for oro-dental infections.
- Further research into the non-bacterial components of the oral microbiome is necessary for comprehensive oral health management.
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