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Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Argentinian Population: Vaccination Is Associated With a Decrease in Depressive

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During COVID-19 waves in Argentina, depression and anxiety were assessed. Vaccination, physical activity, and employment were linked to better mental health outcomes, particularly reduced depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global concern and uncertainty, significantly impacting mental health.
  • Recurrent outbreaks and varying vaccination campaign progress create distinct challenges for different regions.
  • This study investigates general anxiety disorder (GAD) and depression levels in Argentina during the first and second COVID-19 waves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess GAD and depression prevalence in Argentina across two major COVID-19 waves.
  • To identify vulnerable populations and factors mitigating mental health decline.
  • To specifically evaluate the role of vaccination in reducing anxiety and depression.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey was conducted during the peaks of the first and second pandemic waves in Argentina.
  • Participants self-reported GAD and depression symptoms using GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaires.
  • Data collected included vaccination status, physical activity frequency, and employment details.

Main Results:

  • Reported levels of GAD and depression were higher during the second wave compared to the first.
  • Vaccinated individuals reported lower depression levels than unvaccinated individuals; GAD levels were similar.
  • Frequent physical activity and employment (regardless of modality) were associated with lower GAD and depression.

Conclusions:

  • This research highlights the evolving impact of COVID-19 waves on mental health in Argentina.
  • Vaccination, regular physical activity, and employment emerged as key factors in mitigating GAD and depression.
  • Findings underscore the importance of public health interventions addressing mental well-being during pandemics.