Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Structural Biology and Analytical Chemistry Approaches for Characterizing C-Glycoside Metabolic Enzymes in Human Gut Microbiota
Published on: May 23, 2025
Biotransformation novel advances - 2021 year in review
S Cyrus Khojasteh1, Upendra A Argikar2, Sungjoon Cho1
1Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract:
Biotransformation field is constantly evolving with new molecular structures and discoveries of metabolic pathways that impact efficacy and safety. Recent review by Kramlinger et al. (2022) nicely captures the future (and the past) of highly impactful science of biotransformation (see the first article). Based on the selected articles, this review was categorized into three sections: (1) new modalities biotransformation, (2) drug discovery biotransformation, and (3) drug development biotransformation (Table 1).
Related Concept Videos
Drug Biotransformation: Overview
Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Biological
Species differences: Variations in enzyme systems across species can cause disparities in drug metabolism. For instance, humans may metabolize certain drugs faster than rodents, altering therapeutic effects.
Strain differences: Genetic variations within a species can result in differing enzyme activity, impacting drug response and toxicity. For example, some mouse strains may...
Factors Affecting Drug Biotransformation: Physicochemical and Chemical Properties of Drugs
The drug's acidity or basicity is essential in...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
Transgenic Plants
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
Prodrugs
Prodrugs help overcome...

