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Time stability and connectivity analysis with an intracortical 96-channel microelectrode array inserted in human

Fabrizio Grani1, Cristina Soto-Sanchez1, Fernando Daniel Farfan2

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|July 11, 2022
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Long-term implantation of microelectrode arrays in the visual cortex shows stable signal variance and power spectral density. However, correlation and coherence decrease over time but improve after electrical stimulation, suggesting neural plasticity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Intracortical microstimulation induces phosphenes in the visual cortex.
  • Electrodes in visual prostheses can both stimulate and record brain signals.
  • Long-term stability of recorded signals is crucial for chronic visual prosthesis applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term stability of brain signals recorded by an intracortical microelectrode array.
  • To assess the impact of electrical stimulation on these signals over a 6-month period in a blind volunteer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 96-channel microelectrode array implanted in the visual cortex.
  • Analyzed brain signals in resting condition using variance, power spectral density, correlation, coherence, and phase coherence.
  • Compared signals recorded over 6 months, before and after electrical stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Signal variance and power spectral density (up to 750 Hz) remained stable over 6 months.
  • Correlation, coherence, and phase coherence significantly decreased over the implantation period.
  • Electrical stimulation led to an increase in correlation, coherence, and phase coherence.

Conclusions:

  • Stable variance and power spectral density are promising for long-term clinical use of intracortical signals.
  • Decreasing correlation, coherence, and phase coherence may indicate neural plasticity in response to microstimulation.
  • These findings are vital for developing reliable and effective future visual prostheses.