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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System
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Biofeedback interventions for short term upper limb function following stroke: A systematic review with

Ana Clara Bonini-Rocha1, Anderson Lúcio Souza de Andrade1, Ruth Dos Santos Pereira1

  • 1University of Brasilia, Division of Physical Therapy, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.

Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
|July 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Biofeedback therapy combined with conventional therapy shows a small benefit for upper limb function post-stroke. However, the evidence quality is very low, indicating a need for more rigorous research.

Keywords:
BiofeedbackRehabilitationStrokeSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Biofeedback is utilized by rehabilitation professionals for treating post-stroke functional impairments.
  • Upper limb dysfunction is a common challenge following a stroke, impacting daily living activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of biofeedback interventions for improving upper limb function in stroke survivors.
  • To evaluate the impact of biofeedback on motor function and activities of daily living in post-stroke individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies identified through comprehensive database searches (PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Scopus, PEDro, Web of Science).
  • Primary outcomes included improvements in upper limb motor function and motor function in activities of daily living.
  • Methodological quality assessed using the PEDro scale and overall evidence quality using the GRADE system.

Main Results:

  • Analysis of 16 studies (9 in meta-analysis) indicated that biofeedback therapy, when added to conventional therapy, demonstrated greater improvement in upper limb motor function compared to conventional therapy alone for hemiparesis and hemiplegia.
  • However, some analyses showed no significant superiority of combined therapy over conventional therapy alone for participant improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Biofeedback therapy in conjunction with conventional therapy yields a small clinical effect for upper limb function post-stroke.
  • The current evidence supporting this approach is of very low quality, necessitating further high-quality research to confirm its efficacy.