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Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Immunofluorescence Microscopy

A fluorescence microscope uses fluorescent chromophores called fluorochromes, which can absorb energy from a light source and then emit this energy as visible light. Fluorochromes include naturally fluorescent substances (such as chlorophylls) and fluorescent stains that are added to the specimen to create contrast. Dyes such as Texas red and FITC are examples of fluorochromes. Other examples include the nucleic acid dyes 4’,6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange.
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Dynamic Fluorescent Anti-Counterfeiting Labels Based on Conjugated Polymers Confined in Submicron Fibrous Membranes.

Huatian Duan¹, Jincheng Zhang¹, Yuchen Weng¹

¹State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|July 12, 2022

Summary

A novel dynamic fluorescence system combines photochromism and FRET for advanced anti-counterfeiting. This reusable material offers a secure, multi-verification solution against product fraud.

Keywords:

anti-counterfeiting conjugated polymer dynamic fluorescence response fibrous membrane fluorescence resonance energy transfer photochromism spiropyran

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Global counterfeiting necessitates innovative anti-counterfeiting strategies.
Dynamic fluorescence response systems offer potential for secure authentication.
Photochromism and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) are key phenomena for dynamic optical responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct a dynamic fluorescence response system for anti-counterfeiting applications.
To synthesize and characterize a novel conjugated polymer with pendant spiropyran (SP).
To develop a fibrous membrane incorporating the synthesized polymer for practical use.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a conjugated polymer (PPETE-SP) with pendant spiropyran (SP).
Preparation of a fibrous membrane using electrospinning with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix.
Characterization of photochromic and FRET properties using UV-Vis spectroscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Main Results:

The PPETE-SP/PMMA fibrous membrane exhibited reversible, dynamic color changes (green to pink) under UV and visible light.
The material demonstrated good repeatability over 10 fluorescence emission switching cycles.
A FRET efficiency of approximately 61% was achieved, crucial for the dynamic response.

Conclusions:

The developed dynamic fluorescence system is effective for anti-counterfeiting with multiple verification capabilities.
The covalent bonding, chain confinement, and PMMA matrix are critical for system performance.
The material shows significant promise for practical, hard-to-imitate anti-counterfeiting applications.