Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2026

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

Effects of acute acid-base changes on rat renal pyruvate dehydrogenase. Renal pyruvate dehydrogenase during acid-base

P C Tullson, L Goldstein

    Enzyme
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney10:00

    Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney

    Published on: October 12, 2015

    A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion09:02

    A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

    Published on: February 2, 2021

    Related Concept Videos

    pH Homeostasis01:31

    pH Homeostasis

    Acid-base homeostasis is essential for maintaining normal physiological activities in humans. The pH of various body fluids is strictly regulated because it is critical for the optimal activity of enzymes involved in metabolic reactions. Enzymes are basically proteins, so, any significant change in pH can affect their structure and activity. In humans, pH is regulated using three primary mechanisms— chemical buffer systems, respiratory regulation, and renal regulation.
    Respiratory Regulation of...
    Acid-Base Balance01:25

    Acid-Base Balance

    The human body maintains a narrow pH range regulated through acid-base balance. This balance is crucial as changes in the hydrogen ion concentration can disrupt cell membrane stability, alter protein structures, and change enzyme activities. The normal pH of arterial blood is 7.4, venous blood and interstitial fluid is 7.35, and intracellular fluid averages 7.0.
    When the pH of arterial blood rises above 7.45, it results in a condition called alkalosis. Conversely, a drop below 7.35 leads to...
    Respiratory Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:18

    Respiratory Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

    Respiratory compensation is a vital physiological process that stabilizes blood plasma pH by regulating the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), a key determinant of pH levels. Most carbon dioxide in the blood dissolves and converts into carbonic acid (H2CO3). It dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3⁻). There is also an inverse relationship between PCO2​​ and pH.
    When carbon dioxide levels increase in the blood, more H+ and HCO3⁻ are produced, leading to a...
    Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:29

    Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

    Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
    In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
    However, the intercalated cells in...
    Compensation Mechanisms01:28

    Compensation Mechanisms

    The human body employs intricate mechanisms to counteract changes in blood pH, preventing conditions like acidosis (pH < 7.35) and alkalosis (pH > 7.45). These compensatory responses aim to restore normal arterial blood pH by engaging respiratory or renal systems, depending on the source of the imbalance.
    Respiratory Compensation
    This mechanism addresses metabolic-induced pH imbalances by adjusting breathing rates. Respiratory compensation begins within minutes of detecting a pH...
    Renal Drug Excretion: Effect of Urine pH, Flow Rate, and Drug pKa01:22

    Renal Drug Excretion: Effect of Urine pH, Flow Rate, and Drug pKa

    The pH of urine, the drug's pKa, and the urine flow rate are vital parameters for drug reabsorption and excretion. Urinary pH varies between 4.6 and 8.0 and is influenced by diet, drug intake, and the patient's pathophysiology. It affects a drug's ionization state and reabsorption. For instance, carbohydrate-rich food produces alkaline urine promoting drug excretion, while proteins and certain medications like ascorbic acid lead to acidic urine enhancing reabsorption.
    The pKa of a drug,...