A reference single-cell regulomic and transcriptomic map of cynomolgus monkeys.

Area of Science:

• Genomics
• Comparative Biology
• Primate Research

Background:

• Non-human primates are valuable models for human development and disease.
• Understanding primate cell biology is crucial for translational research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To create a comprehensive cell atlas of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
• To compare primate cell landscapes with mouse and human.
• To identify molecular signatures and regulatory networks in primate cells.

Main Methods:

• Single-cell chromatin accessibility sequencing (scCAS)
• Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)
• Pseudotime trajectory inference
• Gene regulatory network construction
• Comparative single-cell landscape analysis

Main Results:

• Integrated cell map of multiple cynomolgus monkey organs.
• Identification of cell-specific cis-regulatory elements and gene networks.
• Cynomolgus monkeys show higher similarity to humans than mice in immune gene expression and cell communication.
• Uncovered key molecular signatures and cellular heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

• This study provides a valuable single-cell resource for non-human primate biology.
• Cynomolgus monkeys serve as a highly relevant model for human biology, particularly immune system studies.
• The generated data facilitates deeper understanding of primate cellular processes and disease mechanisms.