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Cardiovascular complications of diabetes

Avisha Shah1, Ameesh Isath1, Wilbert S Aronow1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center Health Network, NY, USA.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism
|July 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases cardiovascular mortality. This review highlights the poorly understood mechanisms linking T2DM to heart failure, emphasizing the need for targeted therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading global cause of mortality.
  • Cardiovascular complications account for over two-thirds of T2DM-related deaths.
  • Pathophysiology linking T2DM to heart failure is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms linking T2DM to cardiovascular complications.
  • To highlight the pathophysiology of T2DM-associated heart failure.
  • To summarize novel therapeutic options for cardiovascular effects of T2DM.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature review.
  • Focus on T2DM cardiovascular complications.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Most research focuses on atherosclerotic complications of T2DM.
  • Pathophysiology of T2DM and heart failure remains significantly understudied.
  • Limited therapies exist to decrease heart failure risk in T2DM patients.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is crucial to understand cellular changes in T2DM-related heart failure.
  • Improved understanding will guide development of targeted therapeutics.
  • Enhanced therapeutic strategies are needed for cardiovascular complications in T2DM.
Abstract

Keywords:
Endothelial dysfunctionGLP-1 agonistsSGLT-2 inhibitorsheart failurepentoxifyllinereactive oxygen species (ROS)type 2 diabetes mellitus

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