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Dynamic theta-modulated high frequency oscillations in rat medial prefrontal cortex during spatial working memory

Ashkan Farrokhi1, Shiva Tafakori1, Mohammad Reza Daliri1

  • 1Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Lab., Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16846-13114 Iran.

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|July 14, 2022
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Summary

Neural oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) show distinct roles in spatial working memory. Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between theta and high frequency oscillations (HFOs) supports decision-making, while theta activity alone aids memory maintenance.

Keywords:
Dynamic phase-amplitude couplingHigh frequency oscillationsMedial prefrontal cortexWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neural oscillations are crucial for information processing and cognitive functions like working memory and decision-making.
  • The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in spatial working memory tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neural oscillations in spatial working memory.
  • To explore the relationship between theta and high frequency oscillations (HFOs) and their coupling during a decision-making task.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded local field potential oscillations from the mPFC in rats performing a delayed-non-match-to-place (DNMTP) task.
  • Analyzed dynamic phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between theta and HFOs during different phases of the task.
  • Investigated the impact of electromagnetic radiation on mPFC oscillations and task performance.

Main Results:

  • A dynamic phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) between theta and high frequency oscillations (HFOs) was observed, emerging near the decision point and diminishing afterward.
  • Theta activity during the delay period, independent of PAC, predicted task completion time.
  • Electromagnetic radiation increased theta activity during delay and diminished theta-HFOs PAC, alongside reduced task performance.

Conclusions:

  • Different roles of the mPFC in working memory are supported by distinct neural mechanisms.
  • Theta activity during the delay period is associated with information maintenance.
  • Theta-HFOs phase-amplitude coupling is linked to the decision-making process in spatial working memory.