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The Epidemiology and Outcome of Pericardial Effusion in Hospitalized Children: A National Database Analysis

Jun Sasaki1, Prithvi Sendi2, Matthew T Hey3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine and Pediatric Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Komansky Children's Hospital, New York, NY.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|July 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric pericardial effusion is rare, affecting 0.1% of hospitalized children. Mortality risk is higher in younger patients with solid tumors or those needing drainage, but lower in older children with cardiac or rheumatologic conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Pediatric Rheumatology

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion (PE) is an understudied condition in pediatric hospitalizations.
  • Understanding PE epidemiology and risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the epidemiology of pericardial effusion in hospitalized children.
  • To identify risk factors for pericardial effusion drainage and hospital mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the Kids' Inpatient Database 2016.
  • Inclusion of pediatric patients (neonates to 20 years) with pericardial effusion.
  • Statistical analysis of drainage rates and mortality risks based on diagnoses and interventions.

Main Results:

  • Pericardial effusion occurred in 0.1% of pediatric discharges (6,417 cases).
  • Highest prevalence was observed in adolescents (13-20 years).
  • Drainage was performed in 12.3% of cases; mortality was 6.8% overall and 10.9% post-drainage.

Conclusions:

  • Mortality risk for pediatric pericardial effusion is elevated in younger children, those with solid tumors, and following drainage.
  • Lower mortality risk is associated with cardiac structural or rheumatologic diagnoses and older age groups.
Abstract

Keywords:
Kids' Inpatient Databasehospital mortalitypericardial drainage

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