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Exercise and the Brain: Lessons From Invertebrate Studies.

Varvara Dyakonova1, Maxim Mezheritskiy1, Dmitri Boguslavsky1

  • 1Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|July 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Intense physical activity benefits brain function across diverse species, from invertebrates to mammals. This review explores how exercise impacts invertebrate behavior and neural mechanisms, suggesting deep evolutionary roots for these cognitive enhancements.

Keywords:
cognitive functionsdesicion makingintense locomotioninvertebrate model organismslearning and memorymotor performancenerve regenerationorientation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Comparative Physiology

Background:

  • Physical exercise is known to benefit mammalian brain function.
  • Research on exercise's effects on invertebrate behavior and brain function is emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on the effects of intense locomotion on invertebrate behavior and brain functions.
  • To understand the biological significance and underlying mechanisms of these effects.
  • To explore the evolutionary conservation of exercise-induced brain benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on invertebrate locomotion and neurobiology.
  • Comparative analysis of findings across different invertebrate taxa (Nematodes, Molluscs, Arthropods).

Main Results:

  • Intense locomotion in invertebrates (e.g., C. elegans, Drosophila) improves learning, nerve regeneration, decision-making, sleep, and behavior.
  • Observed benefits in invertebrates mirror those seen in mammals, suggesting conserved evolutionary mechanisms.
  • Hypothesizes that exercise modulates cognitive functions by altering the organism's predictive model.

Conclusions:

  • The influence of intense locomotion on brain function has deep evolutionary roots and wide adaptive significance.
  • Invertebrates offer a tractable model for elucidating the physiological and molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced cognitive benefits.
  • Findings may reveal novel neurobiological pathways for regulating cognitive and emotional status.