Screening diagnostic markers for acute myeloid leukemia based on bioinformatics analysis

Area of Science:

• Genomics
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Understanding acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mechanisms is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
• Key molecules in AML carcinogenesis, proliferation, and relapse require in-depth study.
• Effective disease screening and early diagnosis depend on molecular insights.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify characteristic genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
• To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of identified genes for AML.
• To explore potential pathogenic mechanisms of key genes in AML.

Main Methods:

• Downloaded AML transcription data from TCGA and GEO databases.
• Screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using R software and limma.
• Utilized random forest and ROC curve analysis to identify and evaluate characteristic genes.

Main Results:

• Identified 1,494 DEGs in AML samples; 1,181 upregulated and 313 downregulated.
• CDC20 and ESM1 were identified as characteristic AML genes with high diagnostic efficacy (AUCs 0.966 and 0.905, respectively).
• Both CDC20 and ESM1 expression negatively correlated with the Estimate Score, suggesting roles in tumor microenvironment modulation.

Conclusions:

• CDC20 and ESM1 are identified as characteristic genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
• These genes demonstrate significant diagnostic potential for AML.
• CDC20 and ESM1 may contribute to AML pathogenesis by promoting tumor cell proliferation and inhibiting immune cell chemotaxis.