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A Multicenter Cohort Study on Children Suffering from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Effects of Obesity on Mortality

Xiangwen Wang1, Dan Mu1, Anyang Geng1

  • 1Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital, Hohhot, China.

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
|July 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity is linked to lower survival rates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Overweight and obese children with ALL face a higher risk of early death and recurrence, highlighting a critical health concern.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity are increasingly recognized in pediatric cancer survivors.
  • Previous studies suggest varying impacts of excess weight on different childhood cancer types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific impact of childhood obesity on mortality rates in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
  • To determine if overweight and obesity are risk factors for adverse outcomes in pediatric ALL.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1070 children diagnosed with ALL between 2017-2020 at Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital was analyzed.
  • Children under 15 were followed for 24 months post-diagnosis, with overweight/obesity classified using WHO and CDC criteria.
  • Outcomes assessed included premature death and disease recurrence.

Main Results:

  • Children with obesity had a lower 24-month disease-free survival rate (73%) compared to normal-weight children (81%).
  • Overweight/obesity diagnosis was a significant predictor of early death (WHO: HR=1.4, CDC: HR=1.6).
  • Early recurrence was observed in overweight and obese children.

Conclusions:

  • Overweight and obese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia represent a high-risk subgroup.
  • Excess weight is associated with increased mortality and adverse outcomes in pediatric ALL.
  • These findings underscore the importance of weight management in pediatric leukemia care.
Abstract

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