Applications of polymerase chain reaction-based methods for the diagnosis of plague (Review)

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

• Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, presents in bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic forms with high mortality rates.
• Current diagnostic methods, including bacteriological and serological assays, have limitations in speed and reliability.
• The urgent need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for Yersinia pestis infections is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and introduce the primary polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques used for Yersinia pestis detection.
• To discuss the applications of various PCR methods in diagnosing plague.
• To summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different PCR-based approaches for Yersinia pestis confirmation.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing studies on PCR techniques for Yersinia pestis detection.
• Analysis and comparison of different PCR methodologies, including their variations and specific applications.
• Summarization of reported performance characteristics, advantages, and limitations of each PCR method.

Main Results:

• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers a rapid and reliable method for detecting Yersinia pestis.
• Various PCR techniques exist, each with specific applications in plague diagnosis and confirmation.
• Understanding the pros and cons of each PCR method is crucial for effective plague management.

Conclusions:

• PCR-based methods represent a significant advancement in the rapid diagnosis of plague.
• The selection of an appropriate PCR technique depends on the specific diagnostic context and available resources.
• Further research and standardization of PCR assays can enhance plague surveillance and control efforts.