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Characterization and Optimization of a Spectral Window for Direct Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride Enrichment Assay Using

George C Y Chan1, Leigh R Martin2, Richard E Russo1,3

  • 1Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Applied Spectroscopy
|July 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified the optimal emission line for directly assaying uranium hexafluoride (UF6) enrichment using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This method accurately determines 235U content in UF6 samples.

Keywords:
LIBSUranium hexafluorideenrichment assayisotopic analysisisotopic shiftlaser-induced breakdown spectroscopynuclear safeguards

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate determination of uranium isotopic composition is critical for nuclear fuel cycle applications.
  • Direct assay of gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF6) enrichment presents analytical challenges.
  • Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers a potential non-destructive method for elemental and isotopic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the optimal emission line for direct gaseous UF6 enrichment assay using LIBS.
  • To evaluate the accuracy and precision of LIBS for determining 235U enrichment in UF6.
  • To establish a reliable spectral window for isotopic analysis of uranium.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic scanning of 235U and 238U emission lines within the 280-745 nm range.
  • Development and application of the ΔSBR 235U-238U parameter to gauge isotopic shift and signal-to-background ratio.
  • Validation using three UF6 samples with natural and low-enriched 235U content (0.720%, 4.675%, 9.157%).

Main Results:

  • The U(I) 646.498 nm emission line was identified as the optimal spectral window with a 235U-238U isotopic shift of -17.7 pm.
  • The root mean square error for enrichment assays was 0.31% in absolute 235U content across multiple replicates.
  • Analytical bias and precision were better than 0.5% and 0.3% respectively; relative standard deviations for low-enriched samples were ~2%.

Conclusions:

  • The U(I) 646.498 nm emission line provides an optimal spectral window for direct gaseous UF6 enrichment assay via LIBS.
  • LIBS demonstrates high accuracy and precision for determining 235U enrichment in UF6, suitable for nuclear applications.
  • This optimized LIBS approach offers a robust method for rapid and reliable isotopic analysis of uranium hexafluoride.