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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Neonatal Murine Cochlear Explant Technique as an In Vitro Screening Tool in Hearing Research
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Middle ear effusion and newborn hearing screening.

Hanin Karawani1, Wisam Matanis2, Shorook Na'ara2

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. hkarawani@staff.haifa.ac.il.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|July 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Congenital middle ear effusion (MEE) often causes newborn hearing screening failures. This condition is persistent, with a low spontaneous resolution rate, necessitating further follow-up for conductive hearing loss.

Keywords:
Conductive hearing lossCongenitalMiddle ear effusion in infantsOtitis mediaScreeningThe universal newborn hearing screening

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Neonatal Screening

Background:

  • Middle ear effusion (MEE) is a common cause of failed newborn hearing screening.
  • MEE can lead to conductive hearing loss, requiring extended follow-up.
  • Understanding the long-term outcome of congenital MEE is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the resolution rate and long-term fate of middle ear effusion in newborns who failed initial hearing screening.
  • To assess the persistence of conductive hearing loss attributed to congenital MEE at a 1-year follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for newborns born between 2012-2013.
  • Data extraction included Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) results and follow-up audiological evaluations.
  • Focus on infants diagnosed with conductive hearing loss due to MEE.

Main Results:

  • 1.5% of 9527 newborns failed UNHS; 46 were diagnosed with MEE-related conductive hearing loss.
  • Spontaneous MEE clearance occurred in 26% of cases.
  • 57% had persistent effusion requiring further management, including ventilation tubes (22%) or continued monitoring (35%). 17% were lost to follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital middle ear effusion causing UNHS failure and conductive hearing loss demonstrates significant persistence.
  • Resolution rates for congenital MEE are lower compared to non-congenital MEE.
  • Prolonged follow-up is essential for infants with congenital MEE.