Sensitive CTC analysis and dual-mode MRI/FL diagnosis based on a magnetic core-shell aptasensor

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

• Accurate cancer diagnosis relies on sensitive detection and imaging of circulating tumor cells (CTCs).
• Existing methods often lack the sensitivity, specificity, or integrated capabilities for comprehensive CTC analysis.
• The MUC1 protein is frequently overexpressed on cancer cells, presenting a viable diagnostic target.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an integrated nanoparticle-based platform for sensitive CTC capture, detection, release, and dual MR/FL imaging.
• To create an EcoR1-responsive aptasensor for selective MUC1-targeting cancer cells.
• To enhance diagnostic accuracy by minimizing false positives in imaging.

Main Methods:

• Covalent modification of SiO2@C-coated magnetic nanoparticles with EcoR1-responsive ssDNA and a P0 aptamer targeting MUC1.
• Development of a fluorescence turn-on aptasensor (FSC-D-P0) for CTC detection.
• Utilizing magnetic properties for CTC enrichment and EcoR1 enzyme for CTC release.
• Implementing multiple targeting mechanisms to avoid MRI false positivity.

Main Results:

• The FSC-D-P0 aptasensor demonstrated selective capture and sensitive detection of CTCs in blood samples.
• The platform achieved effective CTC release upon EcoR1 enzyme induction for downstream analysis.
• Accurate MR/FL imaging was achieved with a significant reduction in false positive signals.
• The nanoparticle system exhibited good biocompatibility for in vitro and in vivo applications.

Conclusions:

• The developed nanoparticle aptasensor synergistically combines CTC capture, detection, release, and MR/FL imaging into a single platform.
• This integrated approach offers a robust method for accurate clinical tumor diagnosis.
• The technology shows significant promise for advancing cancer diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies.