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What do we mean when we have a "sinus infection?"

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Patient and clinician understanding of sinus infections varies, with patients using a broader range of symptoms, especially pain. This semantic variability impacts effective communication in sinus infection diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Medical Semantics
  • Patient Communication

Background:

  • Sinus infections are a frequent reason for patient visits to healthcare providers.
  • The precise meaning of 'sinus infection' is not consistently understood by patients or otolaryngologists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the semantic understanding of the term 'sinus infection' among patients and otolaryngologists.
  • To identify differences in symptom categorization used to define sinus infections.
  • To explore potential geographic variations in the definition of sinus infections.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-institutional, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 to May 2021.
  • A semantics-based questionnaire was administered to patients and otolaryngologists at six academic centers.
  • Respondents defined 'sinus infection' using a list of 28 proposed terms across six categories.

Main Results:

  • Data were collected from 560 patients and 29 otolaryngologists.
  • Patients most frequently associated sinus infections with mucus, pressure/pain, and airflow.
  • Clinicians, compared to patients, more frequently selected pressure/pain, mucus, and airflow categories.

Conclusions:

  • The definition of sinus infection is variable for both patients and otolaryngologists.
  • Patients tend to use a wider array of symptoms to describe sinus infections, particularly pain-related symptoms.
  • No significant geographic differences were observed; improved understanding of semantic variations can enhance patient-clinician communication.