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Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
Published on: March 15, 2022
Appendix to the Society of Interventional Radiology Consensus Guidelines for the Periprocedural Management of
Horacio Padua1, Anne Marie Cahill2, Rush Chewning3
1Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Insights
This study offers guidance on anticoagulant and antithrombotic agents for pediatric interventional radiology. It provides consensus-based recommendations for safe medication use in young patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Interventional Radiology
- Pharmacology
- Hematology
Background:
- Interventional radiology procedures in pediatric patients require careful management of anticoagulation and antithrombotic therapy.
- Existing guidelines may not adequately address the unique needs of pediatric patients.
Framework:
- A multidisciplinary writing group conducted a literature search and used a modified Delphi technique to develop recommendations.
- The framework focuses on procedural risk assessment, medication dosage, and withholding strategies.
Implementation:
- Recommendations cover procedural risk categorization, laboratory testing thresholds, and specific medication guidance for pediatric practice.
- The guidance addresses nuances of anticoagulation in pediatric-specific clinical conditions.
Implications:
- The Society of Interventional Radiology endorses these recommendations for developing institutional protocols.
- This guidance aims to improve the safety and efficacy of anticoagulation management in pediatric interventional radiology.
Purpose:
To provide guidance on the use of anticoagulant and antithrombotic agents in pediatric patients undergoing interventional radiology procedures.
Materials And Methods:
A multidisciplinary writing group conducted a comprehensive literature search to identify studies on the topic of interest. Recommendations were developed for procedural risk and medication dosage and withholding. A modified Delphi technique was used to achieve consensus agreement on the recommendations.
Results:
A total of 24 studies, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective cohort studies, were identified as relevant. The expert writing group agreed on procedural risk categorization, laboratory testing thresholds, and medication dosage and withholding recommendations specific to pediatric practice. They additionally described the nuances of anticoagulation in clinical conditions specific to pediatrics.
Conclusions:
The Society of Interventional Radiology recommends following the guidance provided in the document when developing multidisciplinary management protocols for anticoagulation and antithrombotic treatment in pediatric patients undergoing interventional radiology procedures.
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