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Prevalence and outcome of COVID-19 among Iranian celiac patients
Fahimeh Sadat Gholam-Mostafaei1, Nastaran Asri2, Naser Parvani1
1Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Insights
Celiac disease patients infected with COVID-19 did not experience increased severity or mortality. However, women with celiac disease may require additional precautions against COVID-19 infection.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Celiac disease (CD) patients may face higher risks of viral infections.
- The impact of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on celiac disease patients remains unclear.
- Investigating potential increased risk of severe outcomes or mortality in treated celiac disease patients with COVID-19.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 in Iranian celiac disease patients.
- To evaluate the clinical outcomes and mortality rates of COVID-19 in this cohort.
- To assess if celiac disease is a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 455 treated celiac disease patients was studied.
- Data collected included demographics, clinical history, and COVID-19 symptoms from July 2020 to January 2021.
- Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of COVID-19 infection among celiac disease patients was 2.4%.
- Infection was more common in women (72.7%).
- Common symptoms included myalgia (90.9%), fever, headache, and shortness of breath; only one patient required hospitalization.
Conclusions:
- Treated celiac disease is not a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes or mortality.
- Women with celiac disease may need enhanced protective measures against COVID-19.
- Further research is warranted to understand gender-specific risks.
Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and outcome of COVID-19 among Iranian celiac disease patients.
Background:
Patients with celiac disease (CD) might be at greater risk for opportunistic viral infections. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) cause of respiratory disorder which spread around the world at the end of 2019. The question is does COVID-19 infection increase the risk of severe outcome and/or a higher mortality in treated celiac disease?.
Methods:
Data regarding demographic details, clinical history, and COVID-19 infection symptoms among treated celiac disease patients was collected from July 2020 to January 2021 and analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results:
A total of 455 celiac disease patients were included in this study. The prevalence of Covid-19 infection among celiac disease patients was 2.4%. Infection among women (72.7%) was higher than the men, and only one overweight man who smoked was hospitalized. Among COVID-19 infected celiac disease patients, the most common symptoms were myalgia 90.9% (10/11), fever, body trembling, headache, shortness of breath, loss of smell and taste, and anorexia (72.7%). Treatments for COVID-19, included antibiotics (90.9%), pain analgesics (54.5%), antihistamines (27.3%), antivirals (9.1%) and hydroxychloroquine (9.1%).
Conclusion:
This study shows that treated celiac disease is not a risk factor for severity or higher mortality in patients infected with COVID-19. Women, however, might need extra-protection to prevent COVID-19 infection.
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