Clinical and Laboratory Biomarkers in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study

The clinical risk profile of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) patients is inconclusive. We aimed to identify clinical and laboratory biomarkers in patients with pAF and the differences in biomarkers among genders. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 181 participants in a single center in Beijing Anzhen Hospital. The participants were grouped according to the presence of pAF and sex differences, and clinical and laboratory results were collected and compared. The 181 participants had a mean age of 52.9 ± 15.1 years (pAF group, 60.4 ± 9.9 years, SR group, 48.3 ± 15.9 years, P < 0.05). Patients with pAF had significantly higher rates of age, left atrial (LA) diameter, haemoglobin (Hb) levels, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), soluble tumour suppressor-2 (sST2), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and indirect bilirubin (Ibil), mean haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and hypertension (HTN) and smoking (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR = 1.075, 95% CI: 1.035-1.118, P < 0.0001), smoking (OR = 4.538, 95% CI: 1.559-13.205, P = 0.006), and MCHC (OR = 1.062, 95% CI: 1.019-1.106, P = 0.004) were independent predictive factors for pAF. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that age (OR = 1.107, 95% CI: 1.016-1.206, P = 0.02) and Ibil level (OR = 2.303, 95% CI: 1.158-4.582, P = 0.017) were independent predictive factors of the occurrence of pAF in females; BNP (OR = 1.015, 95% CI: 1.002-1.029, P = 0.029) was an independent predictive variable of pAF in males. Age, smoking, and MCHC were independent predictive factors of pAF. BNP was an independent predictive biomarker of pAF in males, while in females, age and Ibil were independent predictive factors.