Asthma amplifies dementia risk: Evidence from CSF biomarkers and cognitive decline
Ajay Kumar Nair1, Carol A Van Hulle2,3, Barbara B Bendlin2,3,4
1Center for Healthy Minds University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin USA.
Introduction:
Evidence from epidemiology, neuroimaging, and animal models indicates that asthma adversely affects the brain, but the nature and extent of neuropathophysiological impact remain unclear.
Methods:
We tested the hypothesis that asthma is a risk factor for dementia by comparing cognitive performance and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of glial activation/neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in 60 participants with asthma to 315 non-asthma age-matched control participants (45-93 years), in a sample enriched for AD risk.
Results:
Participants with severe asthma had higher neurogranin concentrations compared to controls and those with mild asthma. Positive relationships between cardiovascular risk and concentrations of neurogranin and α-synuclein were amplified in severe asthma. Severe asthma also amplified the deleterious associations that apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier status, cardiovascular risk, and phosphorylated tau181/amyloid beta42 have with rate of cognitive decline.
Discussion:
Our data suggest that severe asthma is associated with synaptic degeneration and may compound risk for dementia posed by cardiovascular disease and genetic predisposition.
Highlights:
Those with severe asthma showed evidence of higher dementia risk than controls evidenced by: higher levels of the synaptic degeneration biomarker neurogranin regardless of cognitive status, cardiovascular or genetic risk, and controlling for demographics.steeper increase in levels of synaptic degeneration biomarkers neurogranin and α-synuclein with increasing cardiovascular risk.accelerated cognitive decline with higher cardiovascular risk, genetic predisposition, or pathological tau.
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