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The Nuclear Translocation of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Human Diseases

Qing Yang1, Wenqian Wang2

  • 1Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|July 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has a known role in cell protection. A noncanonical function, independent of its enzyme activity, involves nuclear translocation linked to cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key enzyme in heme degradation, producing cytoprotective molecules like carbon monoxide.
  • HO-1's canonical functions involve anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects through its byproducts.
  • Emerging evidence suggests noncanonical functions of HO-1, independent of its enzymatic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the noncanonical functions of HO-1.
  • To summarize HO-1 translocation to various subcellular compartments.
  • To emphasize the critical role of nuclear HO-1 in human diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on noncanonical HO-1 functions.
  • Analysis of studies investigating HO-1 subcellular localization.
  • Synthesis of evidence linking HO-1 nuclear translocation to disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • HO-1 exhibits noncanonical functions independent of its enzymatic activity.
  • Nuclear translocation of HO-1 is a significant finding.
  • HO-1 nuclear translocation is implicated in tumorigenesis and progression of specific cancers.

Conclusions:

  • HO-1 nuclear translocation plays a critical role in human diseases, particularly in cancer.
  • Nuclear HO-1 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for disease prevention and treatment.

Keywords:
anticancer therapyheme oxygenase-1inflammationnoncanonical functionnuclear translocationtumorigenesis

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