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Revisiting Grammatical Complexity in L2 Writing via Exploratory Factor Analysis.

Ge Lan1, Xiaorui Li2, Qiusi Zhang2

  • 1Department of English, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Frontiers in Psychology
|July 18, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study revisits grammatical complexity in second language (L2) writing, proposing a four-factor model based on exploratory factor analysis of 14 measures. The findings offer new insights into L2 writing complexity dimensions.

Keywords:
L2 writinggrammatical complexitygrammatical measureswriting assessmentwriting development

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Area of Science:

  • Applied Linguistics
  • Second Language Acquisition
  • Corpus Linguistics

Background:

  • Grammatical complexity in L2 writing has been extensively researched since the 1990s.
  • Diverse measures have been applied to represent L2 writing complexity over the past three decades.
  • A need exists to revisit and refine the understanding of grammatical complexity in L2 writing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the latent dimensions of grammatical complexity in L2 writing.
  • To propose a refined factor model for grammatical complexity in L2 writing.
  • To identify differences between the proposed model and existing measures.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory factor analysis was employed to analyze grammatical complexity measures.
  • Lu's (2011) 14 grammatical complexity measures were analyzed.
  • The British Academic Written English Corpus (L2) was utilized for the analysis.

Main Results:

  • A four-factor model of grammatical complexity was proposed: 'clausal subordination,' 'phrasal construction,' 'global length unit,' and 'others.'
  • The proposed factors generally align with Lu's (2011) categories.
  • Differences were identified in six measures compared to Lu (2011), with explanations discussed.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a refined, four-factor model for understanding grammatical complexity in L2 writing.
  • Identified differences highlight nuances in measuring L2 writing complexity.
  • Implications for future research directions in L2 writing complexity are discussed.