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SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis triple co-infection

Marius Paulin Ngouanom Kuate1, Felix Bongomin2, Roland Ndip Ndip1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon.

Clinical Case Reports
|July 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case study reports the first survival of a patient with a triple infection of tuberculosis (TB), HIV, and COVID-19 in Cameroon. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing these co-infections.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Global Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Tuberculosis deaths are rising globally, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Individuals living with HIV (PLWHIV) face increased risks for severe COVID-19 complications.
  • Cameroon faces a potential rise in co-infections due to overlapping disease prevalences.

Observation:

  • A 36-year-old woman in Cameroon presented with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 and TB.
  • Diagnostic tests confirmed co-infection with SARS-CoV-2, HIV, and active tuberculosis.
  • Chest X-ray indicated prior pulmonary conditions, complicating initial diagnosis.

Findings:

  • The patient survived a SARS-CoV-2, TB, and HIV triple co-infection, a first reported case in Cameroon.
  • Combined TB and COVID-19 therapy led to symptom improvement within two weeks.
  • Successful treatment involved antiretroviral therapy and standard TB drug regimens.

Implications:

  • Co-infections with TB, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2 may be underreported in regions like Cameroon.
  • The similar clinical presentations of COVID-19 and TB necessitate vigilant diagnostic approaches.
  • Prompt diagnosis and integrated treatment strategies are vital for improving patient outcomes in triple co-infections.

Keywords:
CameroonSARS‐CoV‐2TBtriple coinfection

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