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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

An Ex vivo Mast Cell Degranulation Assay using Crude Peritoneal Exudate Cells and Natural Antigen Stimulation
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Mast Cell Desensitization in Allergen Immunotherapy.

Celia López-Sanz1, Rodrigo Jiménez-Saiz1,2,3,4, Vanesa Esteban5,6

  • 1Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in Allergy
|July 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) desensitizes mast cells and promotes regulatory T cells, offering disease transformation for allergies. Understanding these mechanisms can improve AIT efficacy and predict patient response.

Keywords:
IgETregallergen immunotherapyanaphylaxisdesensitizationmast cell

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Therapeutic Mechanisms

Background:

  • Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a unique disease-modifying treatment for allergic disorders.
  • AIT involves short-term mast cell (MC) desensitization and long-term regulatory T cell (Treg) responses.
  • Understanding AIT's immunological basis is crucial for overcoming challenges like duration, adverse reactions, and variable efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunological mechanisms of AIT, focusing on MC desensitization.
  • To explore the link between MC desensitization and Treg development.
  • To discuss biomarkers for predicting AIT response and improving treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on AIT immunological mechanisms.
  • Focus on mast cell desensitization and regulatory T cell induction.
  • Exploration of omics strategies for biomarker identification.

Main Results:

  • MC desensitization is key in early AIT phases and linked to success.
  • Treg responses, reducing eosinophilia, occur in ~70% of patients and persist post-treatment.
  • The molecular links between MC desensitization and Treg induction require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Deeper understanding of AIT immunology, particularly MC desensitization, is vital.
  • Identifying predictive biomarkers can help personalize AIT and improve outcomes.
  • Addressing AIT challenges necessitates further research into its underlying immune responses.