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Related Concept Videos

Global Climate Change01:50

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
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Emerging Trends in Arctic Solar Absorption.

A Sledd1, T S L'Ecuyer1,2

  • 1University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA.

Geophysical Research Letters
|July 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Arctic absorbs more solar radiation due to less sea ice and snow. Clouds can mask these warming trends, especially over oceans, highlighting the need for ongoing satellite monitoring.

Keywords:
Arcticclimate changecloudssolar radiationtrend detection

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Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Earth Science

Background:

  • Arctic regions are experiencing significant changes, including reductions in sea ice and snow cover.
  • These changes are linked to alterations in the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the Arctic.
  • Understanding these radiative flux changes is crucial for climate modeling and prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze recent satellite observations of solar radiation absorption in the Arctic.
  • To quantify the impact of declining sea ice and snow cover on Arctic surface radiation.
  • To assess the influence of clouds on the detection and emergence of solar radiation trends.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of satellite-derived solar radiation data for Arctic land and ocean surfaces.
  • Statistical trend analysis to determine if changes exceed interannual variability at the 95% confidence level.
  • Comparison of clear-sky and all-sky conditions to evaluate cloud effects on trend emergence.

Main Results:

  • The Arctic is absorbing more solar radiation compared to the beginning of the century.
  • Trends in solar radiation input to both ocean and land surfaces now exceed interannual variability.
  • All-sky trends emerged 20%-40% slower than clear-sky trends, with clouds masking effects strongest over oceans.

Conclusions:

  • Declining sea ice and snow cover are driving increased solar absorption in the Arctic.
  • Clouds significantly delay the unambiguous identification of solar radiation trends, particularly over oceans.
  • Continued satellite-based radiative flux observations are essential for monitoring Arctic climate change.