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Needs assessment of caregivers of children with disabilities in resource-limited settings
Satoko Yanagisawa1, Amorn Swannimitr2, Kocharporn Singhala2
1School of Nursing and Health, Aichi Prefectural University, Japan.
Insights
Caregivers of children with disabilities in resource-limited settings have diverse needs across health, welfare, education, social, and information domains. A framework is proposed to guide comprehensive needs assessment and policy development for this vulnerable group.
Area of Science:
- Disability Studies
- Public Health
- Social Work
Background:
- Caregivers of children with disabilities in resource-limited settings face unique challenges.
- Understanding their specific needs is crucial for effective support and policy development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and classify the needs of caregivers for children with disabilities in resource-limited environments.
- To develop a framework for assessing these caregiver needs.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study involving 15 caregivers of children with disabilities in Thailand.
- Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed thematically.
- Needs were coded, categorized, and grouped into five domains: health/medical, welfare, educational, social, and informational.
Main Results:
- Nineteen categories of needs were identified across the five domains.
- While basic medical care was available, specialized support (e.g., rehabilitation, psychological) was limited.
- Key needs included financial support, respite care, education for children, and addressing social/privacy issues, especially for grandparent caregivers.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive needs assessment framework for caregivers of children with disabilities in resource-limited settings was developed.
- Findings highlight the need for tailored policies addressing diverse caregiver needs, including specialized support and considerations for informal caregivers like grandparents.
Abstract:
Objective: This study aimed to identify and classify the needs of caregivers of children with disabilities living in resource-limited settings and develop a framework for need assessment. Participants and Methods: This study was conducted in the Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand, with 15 caregivers caring for children with disabilities recruited from hospitals, the Association for the Disabled, and primary health centers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in local dialects, recorded, transcribed, converted into standard Thai, and then into English for thematic analysis. Meaning units corresponding to caregivers' needs were extracted, interpreted, coded, and hierarchically organized into subcategories by comparing similarities and differences among the extracted codes. The subcategories were further grouped and abstracted into categories, and then domains of caregivers' needs were formed. Results: Nineteen categories were identified across five domains of caregivers' needs: health and medical, welfare, educational, social, and informational. Although basic medical treatment was covered, specific support, such as referral to a specialist, rehabilitation, or psychological support, was limited. Financial support and relief from the care burden are the main welfare needs. Educational needs were identified to provide knowledge to children and to offer respite to their caregivers. Social needs revealed ethical problems that arose because of strong rural community ties, making it difficult to maintain privacy. Informational needs were intertwined with the other four domains. In rural areas, where parents of children with disabilities migrate to cities to find work, the special needs of grandparents who were primary caregivers of the children needed to be addressed. Conclusion: This study provides a conceptual framework for comprehensive needs assessment and policy development for caregivers of children with disabilities living in resource-limited settings.
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