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Quantitative Analysis of the Protein Methylome Reveals PARP1 Methylation is involved in DNA Damage Response

Xinzhu Wang1,2,3, Shaojie Mi2,4, Mingxin Zhao2

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
|July 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals novel protein methylation sites involved in DNA damage repair. It highlights the critical role of PARP1 K23 methylation in fixing DNA lesions and sensitizing cancer cells to radiation.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Protein methylation is crucial for DNA damage response pathways.
  • Global profiling of protein methylation after DNA damage has been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a proteome-wide quantitative analysis of protein methylation in response to ionizing radiation (IR).
  • To identify novel methylation sites and understand their role in DNA repair mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • HEK293T cells were treated with IR.
  • HILIC affinity enrichment followed by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis was employed for quantitative profiling.
  • Functional validation of identified methylation sites was performed.

Main Results:

  • 235 distinct IR-responsive methylation sites were identified, with 38% being novel.
  • Several RNA-binding proteins showed differential methylation under DNA damage stress.
  • 14 novel methylation sites were found in DNA damage response proteins.
  • PARP1 K23 methylation was validated as critical for repairing IR-induced DNA lesions.
  • PARP1 K23 methylation deficiency sensitized cancer cells to radiation and replication stress.
  • PARP1 K23 methylation regulates stalled replication fork resolution by influencing PARP1 binding.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides a valuable dataset for global protein methylation in response to IR-induced DNA damage.
  • PARP1 K23 methylation plays a critical role in DNA repair and replication fork stability.
Keywords:
DNA damage responseHILIC affinity enrichmentPARP1ionizing radiationprotein methylation

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