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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
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The Replisome03:01

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DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
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Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

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During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

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BLM Sumoylation Is Required for Replication Stability and Normal Fork Velocity During DNA Replication.

Christelle de Renty1, Kelvin W Pond1, Mary K Yagle1

  • 1University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
|July 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

BLM sumoylation is crucial for DNA replication. SUMO-mutant BLM cells show replication defects, indicating sumoylation

Keywords:
BLMBloom syndromeDNA replicationreplication fork stallingsumoylation

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Biomolecular Condensates (BLM) are sumoylated in response to replication stress.
  • Understanding the role of BLM sumoylation in DNA replication is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of BLM sumoylation in DNA replication under normal and stressed conditions.
  • To analyze the impact of SUMO acceptor-site mutations on BLM protein dynamics and function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized BLM-deficient cells expressing SUMO-mutant BLM.
  • Assayed DNA replication fork dynamics using track-length asymmetry.
  • Measured protein dynamics via fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP).

Main Results:

  • SUMO-mutant BLM cells displayed defects in both stressed and unstressed DNA replication.
  • Reduced fork restart and increased fork collapse were observed in hydroxyurea-treated cells.
  • Slower fork velocity and increased fork instability were noted in untreated cells.

Conclusions:

  • BLM sumoylation is vital for maintaining DNA replication fork stability and velocity.
  • SUMO-mutant BLM exhibits reduced dynamics and increased immobility at collapsed forks.
  • Further research is needed to determine if RAD51 recruitment failure explains replication stress in SUMO-mutant BLM cells.