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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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[Digital geriatric self-assessment-A narrative review].

Melissa Johanna Böttinger1,2,3, Jürgen M Bauer4,5,6, Katharina Gordt-Oesterwind4,5,7,6

  • 1Unit Digitale Geriatrie, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland. boettinger@nar.uni-heidelberg.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
|July 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This article reviews whether older adults aged 70 and above can use mobile applications to independently screen their health status. The authors examined existing digital tools across six health domains and found that while some apps exist for physical, cognitive, emotional, and sensory testing, others for nutrition and social context are currently missing. The study highlights the potential for these tools to support aging in place but emphasizes that more work is required to ensure these apps are accurate, easy to use, and well-integrated for the user.

Keywords:
EHealthGeriatric assessmentHealthy agingMobile applicationsmHealthgeriatric care technologymobile health applicationsautonomous health screeningaging in placedigital health tools

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Area of Science:

  • Digital geriatric self-assessment outcomes research within gerontology
  • Public health informatics and health technology assessment

Background:

The rapid aging of the global population creates significant challenges for healthcare systems struggling with limited professional staff. Older individuals often require consistent monitoring to preserve their functional independence and overall quality of life. Digital health solutions offer a promising avenue for autonomous health tracking, yet the current landscape remains fragmented and poorly understood. No prior work had resolved the feasibility of using mobile applications for comprehensive geriatric screening in those aged seventy or older. That uncertainty drove the need to evaluate existing technologies against established clinical standards. Prior research has shown that while many wellness apps exist, their specific utility for geriatric populations is rarely validated. This gap motivated a systematic investigation into whether current software can effectively replace or supplement traditional clinical evaluations. Understanding these limitations is necessary to guide future development and ensure that aging populations receive reliable support.

Purpose Of The Study:

The primary aim of this study is to determine if autonomous health screening for individuals aged seventy and older is feasible using existing mobile software. The authors seek to address the growing need for independent monitoring tools caused by significant demographic shifts. A secondary goal involves identifying which specific health domains are currently supported by available digital solutions. The researchers investigate whether these tools can effectively contribute to a comprehensive geriatric evaluation. This work is motivated by the increasing shortage of specialized medical personnel available to provide traditional care. By evaluating current technology, the study highlights both the potential benefits and the existing gaps in digital health. The authors intend to provide a clear picture of what is possible today versus what requires further development. Ultimately, this review serves as a foundation for future efforts to integrate technology into the lives of older adults.

Main Methods:

The authors conducted a narrative review to evaluate the feasibility of autonomous health screening for individuals aged seventy and older. Their search strategy focused on identifying software capable of assessing six specific clinical domains. These areas included physical capacity, cognitive function, emotional state, nutritional status, sensory perception, and various context factors. The review approach involved applying predefined selection criteria to filter available digital tools. Once identified, the researchers presented five representative examples to illustrate current capabilities. This process allowed for a structured comparison of existing software against the requirements of a comprehensive geriatric evaluation. The investigation excluded tools that did not meet the established quality benchmarks for clinical relevance. By synthesizing these findings, the study provides an overview of the current technological landscape for aging populations.

Main Results:

The strongest finding indicates that digital self-assessment is currently feasible for four of the six examined health domains. These areas include physical capacity, cognitive function, emotional well-being, and sensory perception. The authors identified five specific applications as examples of these capabilities. Conversely, the review revealed that no suitable apps exist for assessing nutrition or context factors. The researchers observed that the field of physical activity contains a high volume of available self-assessment software. These results suggest that while some components of geriatric care are well-supported, others remain completely unaddressed by current technology. The evidence highlights a significant disparity in the availability of digital tools across different health categories. This distribution of software underscores the current limitations of autonomous screening for older adults.

Conclusions:

The authors suggest that digital tools can currently facilitate parts of a standard geriatric evaluation. Their review indicates that while physical and cognitive screening is possible, other domains remain underserved. The researchers propose that future software development should prioritize filling the identified gaps in nutritional and contextual assessment. Synthesis and implications reveal that existing applications require rigorous testing to confirm their reliability and user-friendliness. The authors emphasize that a unified platform is necessary to aggregate data from disparate tools for the user. Such integration would allow older adults to better understand their health status and receive actionable recommendations. The evidence suggests that digital self-assessment holds significant value for maintaining independence amidst workforce shortages. Ultimately, the authors call for continued investigation to standardize these digital health interventions for clinical practice.

The researchers propose that digital tools can successfully perform screening for physical capacity, cognition, emotion, and sensory perception. This outcome demonstrates that while some domains are well-covered, others like nutrition and context factors currently lack dedicated mobile software options for older users.

The authors identified five specific examples of mobile applications during their review. These tools were selected based on predefined criteria to represent the current state of technology available for individuals aged 70 and older.

The researchers indicate that a centralized platform is necessary to integrate individual assessment tools. This requirement arises because current apps function in isolation, preventing users from obtaining a comprehensive overview of their health results and receiving unified recommendations.

The study utilized a narrative review approach to evaluate the feasibility of mobile screening. This methodology allowed the authors to synthesize existing evidence across six distinct health domains to determine the current landscape of geriatric digital health.

The authors measured feasibility by searching for apps that address physical capacity, cognition, emotion, nutrition, sensory perception, and context factors. They found that while numerous options exist for physical activity, no valid tools were identified for nutrition or social context.

The researchers propose that future development must focus on verifying test quality criteria and usability. They suggest that these improvements are vital to ensure that digital self-assessment effectively supports the independence of older adults in the face of demographic shifts.