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A nanoparticle-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate elicits broad neutralizing antibodies and protects against SARS-CoV-2
Santa-Mariela Olivera-Ugarte1, Marilène Bolduc1, Marie-Ève Laliberté-Gagné1
1Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
Abstract:
A vaccine candidate to SARS-CoV-2 was constructed by coupling the viral receptor binding domain (RBD) to the surface of the papaya mosaic virus (PapMV) nanoparticle (nano) to generate the RBD-PapMV vaccine. Immunization of mice with the coupled RBD-PapMV vaccine enhanced the antibody titers and the T-cell mediated immune response directed to the RBD antigen as compared to immunization with the non-coupled vaccine formulation (RBD + PapMV nano). Anti-RBD antibodies, generated in vaccinated animals, neutralized SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro against the ancestral, Delta and the Omicron variants. At last, immunization of mice susceptible to the infection by SARS-CoV-2 (K18-hACE2 transgenic mice) with the RBD-PapMV vaccine induced protection to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 infectious challenge. The induction of the broad neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by the RBD-PapMV vaccine demonstrate the potential of the PapMV vaccine platform in the development of efficient vaccines against viral respiratory infections.
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