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Climate Change Impacts on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems.

Steven J Bograd1,2, Michael G Jacox1,2,3, Elliott L Hazen1,2

  • 1Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, USA; email: steven.bograd@noaa.gov, michael.jacox@noaa.gov, elliott.hazen@noaa.gov.

Annual Review of Marine Science
|July 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate change impacts eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUSs), vital for ocean productivity. Future projections show intensified upwelling and stratification, but ecosystem impacts remain uncertain.

Keywords:
climate changecoastal upwellingeastern boundary upwelling systems

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Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Climate Science
  • Marine Ecology

Background:

  • Eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUSs) are crucial for global ocean productivity and ecosystem services.
  • Climate change poses a significant threat to EBUSs and the marine life they support.
  • Understanding these impacts is vital for predicting future ocean health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review hypotheses of climate-driven changes in EBUS physics, biogeochemistry, and ecology.
  • To describe observed changes in EBUSs over recent decades.
  • To project future changes in EBUSs throughout the twenty-first century.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of climate change hypotheses for EBUSs.
  • Analysis of observed historical data on EBUS changes.
  • Synthesis of projected future changes in EBUSs.

Main Results:

  • Observed and projected trends include intensified upwelling in poleward regions and enhanced stratification.
  • Near-coastal warming is mitigated in areas with intensified upwelling.
  • Significant uncertainties exist regarding the combined effects of upwelling intensity, source-water chemistry, and stratification on productivity and ecosystem structure.

Conclusions:

  • EBUSs exhibit common trends in response to climate change, including intensified upwelling and stratification.
  • Key uncertainties remain in predicting the precise ecological and biogeochemical consequences of these changes.
  • Further research is needed to address these uncertainties and inform adaptation strategies for EBUSs.