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Related Concept Videos

Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Estrogen-Like Effect of Bazi Bushen Capsule in Ovariectomized Rats
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Prussian Blue Nanozyme Normalizes Microenvironment to Delay Osteoporosis.

Chenyi Ye1,2,3, Wei Zhang1,2,3, Yongzheng Zhao4

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|July 19, 2022
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Summary

Hollow Prussian blue nanozymes (HPBZs) effectively treat osteoporosis by normalizing the bone microenvironment. This nanozyme therapy inhibits osteoclast activity and reduces bone loss in osteoporosis models.

Keywords:
Prussian bluemicroenvironmentsnanozymesosteoclastosteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent orthopedic disease in the elderly, leading to significant mortality and disability.
  • Current interventions for OP are limited, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Overactive osteoclastogenesis and excessive bone resorption characterize OP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate nanozyme-mediated normalization of the disease microenvironment for regulating osteoclast differentiation and delaying OP.
  • To explore the osteoclast activity-remodeling bioactivities of Hollow Prussian blue nanozymes (HPBZs).

Main Methods:

  • HPBZs were synthesized using template-free hydrothermal methods.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted using an OP murine model.
  • Molecular mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and signaling pathways (MAPK, NF-κB), were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • HPBZs significantly normalized the OP microenvironment, inhibiting osteoclast formation and resorption.
  • HPBZ treatment suppressed intracellular ROS generation and key signaling pathways.
  • In an ovariectomy-induced OP murine model, HPBZs effectively attenuated osteoporotic bone loss.

Conclusions:

  • HPBZs demonstrate efficacy in treating osteoporosis by normalizing the disease microenvironment.
  • The findings support HPBZ application for OP treatment and potentially other inflammation-related diseases.