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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Related Experiment Video

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Update on ozanimod for ulcerative colitis.

Elisabetta K Antonelli1, Rachele Del Sordo2, Olivia Morelli3

  • 1Gastroenterology Section, Perugia General Hospital, Perugia, Italy. Antelibetta@yahoo.com.

Drugs of Today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998)
|July 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Ozanimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, effectively treats moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Clinical trials show ozanimod significantly improves remission and response rates compared to placebo with no major safety concerns.

Keywords:
Gastrointestinal disordersInflammatory bowel diseaseOzanimod hydrochlorideSphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) presents challenges with conventional therapies and biologics, necessitating novel treatments.
  • A significant unmet need exists for effective and safe therapies for UC patients experiencing treatment failure or suboptimal response.
  • Ozanimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, has emerged as a new therapeutic option for UC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanism of action of ozanimod hydrochloride in preclinical models of intestinal inflammation.
  • To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of ozanimod in patients with moderate to severe UC.
  • To assess ozanimod's impact on clinical remission, response, corticosteroid-free remission, endoscopic improvement, and mucosal healing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies on ozanimod's mechanism in intestinal inflammation.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data assessing ozanimod's efficacy and safety in moderate to severe UC patients.
  • Comparison of ozanimod's outcomes against placebo for key efficacy endpoints.

Main Results:

  • Ozanimod demonstrated significantly higher rates of clinical remission compared to placebo in moderate to severe UC patients.
  • Ozanimod showed statistically significant improvements in clinical response, corticosteroid-free remission, endoscopic improvement, and mucosal healing versus placebo.
  • Clinical trials did not reveal significant safety concerns associated with ozanimod use in UC patients.

Conclusions:

  • Ozanimod is an effective treatment for moderate to severe UC, offering significant clinical and endoscopic benefits.
  • The safety profile of ozanimod in UC patients appears favorable based on current clinical trial data.
  • Ozanimod represents a valuable addition to the therapeutic options for managing moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.