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Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

A 1.5 Hour Procedure for Identification of Enterococcus Species Directly from Blood Cultures
05:02

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Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: should we screen on admission?

Frederik Boetius Hertz1, Karen Leth Nielsen1, Markus Harboe Olsen2

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|July 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) is increasing in Denmark. A study in Copenhagen found a low VRE carriage prevalence of 2% among neurointensive care unit patients, suggesting targeted screening may be best.

Keywords:
VREactive screeningbacteriologyclinical microbiologymultidrug resistance

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Denmark has observed a rising trend in invasive vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) infections since 2002.
  • Active VRE screening is implemented in high-prevalence departments or during outbreaks, utilizing rectal swabs.
  • The Neurointensive Care Unit (NICU) at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, is a focus for understanding VRE carriage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) carriage in acute patients admitted to the NICU.
  • To assess the utility of VRE screening in a specialized neurocritical care setting.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 99 consecutive rectal swabs from patients admitted to the NICU between April 2018 and January 2019.
  • Analysis focused on identifying the presence of vanA and vanB genes, indicative of VRE.
  • Patient demographics and prior hospital admission history were recorded.

Main Results:

  • A VRE carriage prevalence of 2% (2 out of 93 screened patients) was identified.
  • Both positive cases carried the vanA gene; no vanB gene was detected.
  • A significant portion of patients (28%) had recent hospital admissions, while 72% did not.

Conclusions:

  • Routine VRE screening may be beneficial in high-prevalence hospital settings.
  • In low-prevalence environments, screening benefits might be limited to specific patient groups, such as those in critical care.
  • The findings support a nuanced approach to VRE screening strategies based on local epidemiology and patient population.