Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.5K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.5K
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

12.3K
Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
12.3K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

9.1K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.1K
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

2.5K
Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
2.5K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

27.4K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
27.4K
Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

1.4K
The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Incommensurate magnetic ordering in CrB<sub>2</sub>.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2022
Same author

Role of temperature-dependent spin model parameters in ultra-fast magnetization dynamics.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2017
Same author

Improved efficiency of heat generation in nonlinear dynamics of magnetic nanoparticles.

Physical review. E·2016
Same author

Magnetism of Gadolinium: A First-Principles Perspective.

Physical review letters·2015
Same author

Magnetic correlations beyond the Heisenberg model in an Fe monolayer on Rh(0 0 1).

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2015
Same author

Magnetic anisotropy and chirality of frustrated Cr nanostructures on Au(1 1 1).

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

8.2K

Magnetic ground state of supported monatomic Fe chains from first principles.

B Nagyfalusi1,2, L Udvardi2,3, L Szunyogh2,3

  • 1Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|July 19, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new computational method identifies magnetic ground states in atom clusters using first-principles calculations. This approach accurately predicts magnetic ordering for iron chains on various metal surfaces.

Keywords:
ab initiomagnetic ground statemagnetic nanoclusters

More Related Videos

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
12:20

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers

Published on: October 5, 2013

14.8K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
09:06

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Published on: March 24, 2019

8.2K
Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
12:20

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers

Published on: October 5, 2013

14.8K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Determining the ground state magnetic order of atomic clusters is crucial for understanding magnetism at the nanoscale.
  • Accurate theoretical methods are needed to predict magnetic properties of low-dimensional systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel computational scheme for identifying the magnetic ground state of finite atomic clusters.
  • To investigate the magnetic properties of iron (Fe) chains on different metallic substrates using *ab initio* calculations.

Main Methods:

  • A new computational scheme combining the conjugate gradient and Newton-Raphson methods for self-consistent energy minimization.
  • Local spin-density functional theory (*ab initio* calculations) to determine electronic structure and magnetic order.
  • Comparison with an extended Heisenberg model incorporating first-principles derived interaction parameters.

Main Results:

  • The method successfully identified ground state magnetic orders for Fe chains on Rh(111), showing good agreement with Heisenberg model results.
  • Analysis revealed the influence of bilinear spin-spin interactions on magnetic ground state formation.
  • Spin-spiral configurations with reversed chirality were found for Fe chains on Nb(110), suggesting the role of higher-order chiral interactions.
  • Calculated spin-spiral wavelengths for Fe chains on Re(0001) closely matched experimental scanning tunneling microscopy data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed computational scheme is effective for predicting magnetic ground states of atomic clusters.
  • The study highlights the interplay of different magnetic interactions in determining the magnetic ordering of Fe chains on surfaces.
  • Results underscore the importance of considering higher-order chiral interactions for accurate magnetic modeling.