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Cerebral vasculopathy and strokes in a child with COVID-19 antibodies: illustrative case
Chase H Foster1, Anthony J Vargas2, Elizabeth Wells3
1Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC.
Insights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause neurological issues in children. This case report details a pediatric patient experiencing strokes due to COVID-19-related cerebral vasculopathy.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neuroimmunology
Background:
- Neurological complications of COVID-19 are well-documented in adults but poorly understood in children.
- Pediatric neurological manifestations of COVID-19 require further investigation.
Observation:
- A case of a preschool-aged child with hydrocephalus is presented.
- The child experienced multiterritory strokes.
- The strokes were presumed secondary to immune-mediated cerebral vasculopathy from asymptomatic COVID-19 infection.
Findings:
- COVID-19 can lead to neurological sequelae, including strokes, in pediatric patients.
- Cerebral vasculopathy is a potential complication of COVID-19 in children.
- Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection can trigger severe neurological events.
Implications:
- Highlights the risk of neurological complications in pediatric COVID-19 cases.
- Emphasizes the need for increased awareness and diagnostic vigilance for COVID-19-related neurological conditions in children.
- Suggests potential immune-mediated pathways contributing to pediatric stroke post-COVID-19.
Background:
The ability of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to cause neurological insults in afflicted adults is becoming increasingly understood by way of an ever-growing amount of international data. By contrast, the pandemic illness's neurological effects in the pediatric population are both poorly understood and sparsely reported.
Observations:
In this case, the authors reported their experience with a preschool-age child with hydrocephalus who suffered multiterritory strokes presumed secondary to immune-mediated cerebral vasculopathy as a result of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection.
Lessons:
Growing evidence indicates that COVID-19 can cause neurological sequelae such as encephalitis and strokes. In this case report, the authors discussed a case of cerebral vasculopathy and strokes in a pediatric patient who was positive for COVID-19.
