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Related Concept Videos

Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

18
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
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Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

3.3K
Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 4, 2025

In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis
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A Case of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis.

Akhil Sugandhi1, Sai Kanth Sharma Kondaveeti1, Ashok Sunder1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, IND.

Cureus
|July 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) are rare, generally non-malignant growths. This case highlights a young female patient

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) are rare neoplasms originating from the synovium and tendon sheath.
  • These tumors are typically benign but can cause significant joint pain and swelling.

Observation:

  • A young female presented with unilateral knee swelling and pain.
  • Initial diagnosis was benign synovial proliferation.

Findings:

  • The patient underwent arthroscopic resection for the suspected benign condition.
  • The case underscores the importance of considering TGCT in the differential diagnosis of knee masses.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of TGCT is crucial for effective management.
Keywords:
arthroscopic synovectomymonoarthritispigmented villonodular synovitissynovial proliferationtenosynovial giant cell tumor

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  • Further research into medical therapies for preventing TGCT recurrence is warranted.