Association and Correlation Between Amniotic Fluid Index and Glucose Concentration.

Area of Science:

• Perinatology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Polyhydramnios, characterized by excessive amniotic fluid, affects pregnant women.
• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant complication during pregnancy.
• The relationship between amniotic fluid index (AFI) and glucose metabolism in GDM requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between amniotic fluid index (AFI) and glucose concentrations in pregnant women with polyhydramnios.
• To determine the correlation between AFI, random glucose, and serum glucose after sugar restriction.
• To evaluate AFI as a potential early predictor for gestational diabetes.

Main Methods:

• A prospective study included 104 pregnant women with polyhydramnios beyond 28 weeks gestation.
• Amniotic fluid index (AFI) was measured using ultrasound.
• Blood samples were collected for HbA1C, fasting, post-prandial, and random glucose levels, along with a glucose tolerance test.

Main Results:

• Polyhydramnios was more prevalent in urban areas and among older pregnant women (21-37 years).
• Reducing oral sugar intake led to a decrease in the amniotic fluid index.
• Out of 104 participants, 82 (78.8%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Conclusions:

• Elevated amniotic fluid index is an early and sensitive predictor of gestational diabetes.
• Amniotic fluid index can predict GDM before significant changes in glucose concentration.
• Reducing sugar intake can help manage AFI and potentially prevent GDM.