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Calcium dynamics: a model system approach.

S Hurwitz, S Fishman, H Talpaz

    The Journal of Nutrition
    |April 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new model simulates calcium metabolism in chicks, revealing plasma calcium oscillations during growth. These oscillations stabilize with altered dietary calcium, indicating the system

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Computational Biology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Calcium metabolism is crucial for growing organisms, involving complex interactions between diet, organs, and hormones.
    • Understanding calcium regulation dynamics is essential for addressing metabolic disorders and optimizing growth.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and utilize a computerized model simulating calcium metabolism in growing chicks.
    • To investigate the dynamic behavior of plasma calcium concentration under varying dietary calcium conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Integrated growth equations with differential equations modeling intestinal, kidney, and bone calcium regulation.
    • Incorporated the influence of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on calcium subsystems.
    • Simulated plasma calcium oscillations under normal, reduced, and elevated dietary calcium levels.

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    Main Results:

    • The model predicted oscillations in plasma calcium concentration in growing chicks under normal diets.
    • These oscillations diminished and disappeared with reduced or elevated dietary calcium intake.
    • Simulated bone calcium levels under different dietary conditions aligned with experimental findings.

    Conclusions:

    • Growth-induced perturbations trigger plasma calcium oscillations due to the differential response times of parathyroid hormone's actions on bone and intestinal calcium absorption.
    • The calcium regulatory system's capacity is exceeded at extreme dietary calcium levels, leading to the cessation of oscillations.
    • The model successfully replicates experimental observations, providing insights into calcium homeostasis mechanisms.