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High-flow nasal cannula therapy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis

F Du1, Y-H Gu, Y-C He

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Yubei District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China. 15826182229@139.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|July 20, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Heated and humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy significantly reduces airway obstruction and improves oxygen saturation in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Further research is needed to confirm long-term effectiveness and compliance across different pediatric age groups.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Therapy

Background:

  • Heated and humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is utilized for various pediatric respiratory conditions.
  • Efficacy of HFNC for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has not been comprehensively reviewed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of HFNC in managing pediatric OSA.
  • To assess the impact of HFNC on key sleep apnea and oxygenation parameters in children.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar.
  • Random-effect meta-analysis compared pre- and post-treatment obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI), obstructive hypopnea index (OHI), obstructive apnea index (OAI), and SpO2 values.
  • Six studies with data from 67 pediatric patients were included.

Main Results:

  • HFNC therapy demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in OAHI (MD: 15.58), OHI (MD: 12.35), and OAI (MD: 7.54).
  • Significant improvement was observed in SpO2 nadir values (MD: -8.17) post-HFNC treatment.
  • Mean SpO2 values did not show a significant change before and after HFNC therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Limited evidence from heterogeneous, uncontrolled studies suggests HFNC improves OAHI and minimum oxygen saturation in pediatric OSA.
  • Further research is warranted to evaluate the long-term efficacy and compliance of HFNC in diverse pediatric age groups.
Abstract

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