Predictive value of triglyceride/glucose index (TyG) in predicting breast cancer in patients with breast mass

Since both breast carcinogenesis and the triglyceride glucose index (TyG) are associated with metabolic syndrome, this study aims at focussing on the TyG index in the breast control group to investigate risk factors causing breast cancer. The predictive value of triglyceride glucose score in predicting breast cancer was investigated.

Patients with a pathological diagnosis of cancer and patients with benign breast lesions who were operated on between May 2018 and December 2021 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: those with Breast Cancer (BC) and those with benign breast lesions. The predictive value of the TyG in predicting breast cancer was investigated. The mean standard deviation (SD) or median values with a 25-75 percent interquartile range (IQR) were used to represent the distribution of continuous data. The Student's t-test was used to evaluate parametric values, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze non-parametric values. The Chi-square test was used to see if categorical variables could be compared. The optimal cut-off points for the TyG value had been determined using receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. Cut-off points that are optimal for the TyG value were determined using receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis.

The patients in the study had a median age of 51 [IQR (25-75) = 44-62]. Of the 510 patients who had been operated for a breast lesion, 13 were male and 499 were female. While the median glucose value of the patients was 97 [IQR (25-75) = 89-109-9], the median triglyceride value was 155 [IQR (25-75): 86-159]. When glucose and triglyceride values were examined, group I seemed to have significantly lower values (p<0.001, p=0.001, respectively). The mass size was larger in group 2 (p<0.001). In addition, ln TyG was statistically higher in the malignant group (p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curves were obtained for TyG levels in BC diagnosis. (AUC = 0.606, standard error 0.025, p<0.001; 95% CI = 0.556-0.655). The cut-off value for TyG was 8,628. The sensitivity of this value was 57.5% and the specificity was 42.6%.

In this study, we investigated the predictive effect of the TyG index in distinguishing benign and malignant lesions of the breast and concluded that the TyG index can be used to differentiate BC in patients with BC.