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Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Separation and Identification of Conventional Microplastics from Farmland Soils
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Identification and quantification of common microplastics in table salts by a multi-technique-based analytical

Haiyan Li1, Qiong Wu1, Joee Ng1

  • 1National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, 10 Perahu Road, Singapore, 718837, Singapore.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|July 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Microplastics were found in all tested table salts, highlighting a significant contamination issue. This study developed a robust method to detect and quantify these plastic particles in food products.

Keywords:
Food safetyIdentification and quantificationMicroplasticsRisk assessmentTable salt

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental contaminants with potential impacts on food chains.
  • The presence and quantification of MPs in food matrices like table salt require sensitive and accurate analytical methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a multi-technique analytical method for the detection, characterization, and quantification of seven common plastic types in table salt.
  • To assess the prevalence and levels of MPs in commercially available table salts.

Main Methods:

  • Combined microscopy-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (μ-FTIR) with pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) for 3D MP analysis.
  • Optimized sample extraction, serial dissolution, and separation procedures for high recovery rates (>75%).
  • Validated the analytical method using polymer standards in table salt matrices.

Main Results:

  • The developed method successfully identified and quantified seven common plastic types (PE, PP, PS, PET, PVC, PA, PMMA).
  • Microplastics were detected in all samples of commercially available table salts analyzed.
  • MP particle numbers ranged from 20 to 125 particles/kg, and mass content ranged from 30 to 530 µg/kg.

Conclusions:

  • The study established a reliable multi-technique method for MP analysis in table salt.
  • Widespread contamination of table salt with microplastics was confirmed, indicating a potential route of human exposure.
  • Further research is needed to understand the toxicological implications of MPs in food.