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Related Concept Videos

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
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Proteomics01:33

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Updated: Sep 4, 2025

Simultaneous Affinity Enrichment of Two Post-Translational Modifications for Quantification and Site Localization
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Covalent Chemical Tools for Profiling Post-Translational Modifications.

Benjamin Emenike1, Ogonna Nwajiobi1, Monika Raj1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|July 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) expand proteome diversity and are crucial for biological functions. This review focuses on covalent chemical methods for detecting PTMs, essential for understanding their roles in health and disease.

Keywords:
chemical probeschemoselectivecovalent bondposttranslational modificationsproteins

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) significantly increase proteome functional diversity.
  • PTMs involve proteolytic processing or catalytic addition of functional groups to proteins, modulating biological activities.
  • Anomalous PTMs are linked to various diseases, necessitating accurate detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state-of-the-art in post-translational modification analysis.
  • To focus specifically on covalent chemical methods for PTM detection.
  • To highlight the importance of PTMs in biological processes and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of robust chemical strategies for labeling different PTMs.
  • Utilizing the intrinsic chemical reactivity of amino acid residues for PTM detection.
  • Focus on covalent chemical approaches for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Chemical labeling strategies offer a powerful approach to PTM analysis.
  • These methods enable the delineation of PTM roles in biological systems.
  • Covalent chemical methods provide tools for both qualitative and quantitative PTM detection.

Conclusions:

  • Covalent chemical methods are vital for advancing the understanding of PTMs.
  • Accurate PTM detection is crucial for diagnosing and potentially treating diseases.
  • This review provides an overview of chemical strategies for PTM analysis.