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Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations
Published on: July 24, 2021
Novel approaches for the treatment of infections due to multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens
Mohmmad Imran1,2, Mohammad Naiyaz Ahmad1, Arunava Dasgupta1,2
1Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
Abstract:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a major challenge for global healthcare, emerging because of several reasons including overpopulation, increased global migration and selection pressure due to enhanced use of antibiotics. Antibiotics are the widely used therapeutic options to combat infectious diseases; however, unfortunately, inadequate and irregular antibiotic courses are also major contributing factors in the emergence of AMR. Additionally, persistent failure to develop and commercialize new antibiotics has created the scarcity of effective anti-infective drugs. Thus, there is an urgent need for a new class of antimicrobials and other novel approaches to curb the menace of AMR. Besides the conventional approaches, some novel approaches such as the use of antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, immunomodulation, host-directed therapy and antibodies have shown really promising potentials.
Insights
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat driven by antibiotic overuse and a lack of new drugs. Novel strategies like antimicrobial peptides and bacteriophages offer promising solutions to combat this challenge.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Drug Discovery
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global healthcare challenge.
- Factors contributing to AMR include overpopulation, migration, and antibiotic selection pressure.
- Inadequate antibiotic use and a scarcity of new antimicrobial drugs exacerbate the problem.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the urgent need for novel approaches to combat antimicrobial resistance.
- To explore promising alternative strategies beyond conventional antibiotics.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on the drivers of AMR.
- Identification and discussion of emerging therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- Conventional antibiotic use, coupled with incomplete treatment regimens, fuels AMR.
- A critical gap exists in the development and commercialization of new anti-infective agents.
- Several novel approaches demonstrate significant potential in addressing AMR.
Conclusions:
- There is an urgent requirement for new classes of antimicrobials and innovative therapeutic strategies.
- Promising novel approaches include antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, immunomodulation, host-directed therapy, and antibodies.
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