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Structural disconnectome mapping of cognitive function in poststroke patients.

Knut K Kolskår1,2,3, Kristine M Ulrichsen1,2,3, Genevieve Richard1

  • 1NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Brain and Behavior
|July 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Stroke-related brain network damage, not just lesion location, impacts cognitive function. This study highlights how structural disconnectivity predicts cognitive deficits after stroke, aiding rehabilitation planning.

Keywords:
DTIcognitive sequelaepredictionstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Stroke rehabilitation faces challenges due to diverse cognitive outcomes.
  • Focal lesion location/size poorly predict post-stroke cognition.
  • Brain network damage, not just lesion site, may explain cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the link between post-stroke structural brain network disconnectivity and cognitive performance.
  • Determine if brain network damage predicts cognitive impairment after stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Created whole-brain disconnectivity maps for 102 stroke patients using lesion data and healthy control norms.
  • Assessed cognitive performance using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and a computerized test battery.

Main Results:

  • Increased disconnectivity in specific brain regions (right insula, frontal operculum, superior temporal gyrus, putamen) correlated with lower MoCA scores.
  • Disconnectivity within these clusters was linked to impairments across multiple cognitive domains.

Conclusions:

  • Structural disconnectivity patterns after stroke are sensitive indicators of cognitive deficits.
  • Disconnectivity mapping offers valuable clinical insights for predicting post-stroke cognitive sequelae.