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Active Circulation of Corynebacterium ulcerans among Nonhuman Primates
Archana Thomas1, Ariel M Slifka1, Sara M Hendrickson1
1Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA.
Microbiology Spectrum
|July 21, 2022
Summary
Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans actively transmits among rhesus macaques, highlighting potential zoonotic risks. This study emphasizes maintaining high vaccination coverage to prevent diphtheria outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Zoonotic Diseases
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Diphtheria is rare in industrialized nations due to vaccination.
- Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging zoonotic cause of diphtheria.
- Limited knowledge exists on C. ulcerans transmission in animal reservoirs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the transmission dynamics of toxigenic C. ulcerans in rhesus macaques.
- To assess the potential for zoonotic transmission of C. ulcerans.
Main Methods:
- Diphtheria toxin-specific serology assays were employed.
- Direct isolation of C. ulcerans from infected animals was performed.
- Retrospective analysis of Corynebacterium circulation was conducted.
Main Results:
- Active transmission of toxigenic C. ulcerans was identified in indoor and outdoor rhesus macaques.
- Serological evidence suggested potential human transmission.
- Toxigenic Corynebacteria have circulated among these primates for decades.
Conclusions:
- C. ulcerans transmission occurs among nonhuman primates.
- Maintaining high vaccination coverage is crucial for reducing zoonotic infection risk.
- Further understanding of C. ulcerans biology is needed.
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